This is x86 assembler. (Actually, looking at the register names, it’s probably x86_64. On old school x86, they were named something like al, ah (8 bit), ax (16 bit), or eax (32 bit).) Back in the old days, when you pressed a key on the keyboard, the keyboard controller would generate a hardware interrupt, which, unless masked, would immediately make the CPU jump to a registered interrupt handler, interrupting whatever else it was doing at the point. That interrupt handler would then usually save all registers on the stack, communicate with the keyboard controller to figure out what exactly happened, react to that, restore the old registers again and then jump back to where the CPU was before.
In modern times, USB keyboards are periodically actively polled instead.
Depends on the circumstances. Sometimes in really old buildings, changes to the layout are made at some point, and then you are left with some old door somewhere where no door is needed anymore, so you just seal the door shut and leave it in place. In that case, it would be no big deal to put a bathtub there.