If there are going to be multiple humans in the dog’s life giving commands and setting boundaries, make sure everyone is on the same page about what those commands and boundaries are. Everyone uses the same word for the same command, everyone has the same boundaries.
Single word command. It’s “sit” and the dog sits, not “sitsitsitsit”. They read body language as much as they listen to your vocalizations, and posture is more important in their own dog to dog language. Use your body to your advantage. You shouldn’t intimidate your dog but posture with calm confidence that projects control of the situation. This works great for shy/fearful dogs who appreciate someone they trust making decisions for them about whether or not to panic, as well as with headstrong dogs who are debating whether or not they actually have to comply.
Reward compliance swiftly, under 3 seconds. “Sit”, dog sits, “good” + treat. As the response becomes normalized you can begin to wean out the treat and just say “good”. In the mid treat intermittently, then eventually just as an occasional reward. In high stress or temptation scenarios you can jackpot good obedience. For example, if your dog loves to bolt after squirrels but sits and waits patiently for the squirrel to run by, reward the hell out of that.
Dogs and humans are both keyed to pattern recognition. Some behavior issues can arise due to humans being creatures of habit. If you leave for work the same time every morning, after filling your travel mug, grabbing your keys off the table- they’ll know those signs mean “you’re leaving”. If you have an anxious dog those will cue the anxiety to start. Sometimes correcting that requires intervention, and is case by case, but know that your dog is always watching and your idiosyncratic behaviors become triggers whether you want them to or not.
Dog parks are shit for early socialization, whether it’s a puppy or a rescue. You have no idea how well behaved the other dogs are going to be nor how decent of a person they have. Try and find local puppy or established pack play groups to ease your dog into it. If a dog park is your only option, go without your dog at different times to see what the people/dogs are like (a lot of folks go the same time every day), then avoid the times where the dude with the unneutered beast that terrorizes everyone while dad vicariously lives out his dominance fantasy of “he’s just an alpha” isn’t there.
Even the best socialized dogs deliver corrections to one another in a manner that can look harsh to humans. But that’s their language, we choose not to use force/harshness. It is acceptable for them to do so when they do it correctly because dogs “speak” two languages, dog/dog and dog/human. A proper harsh correction from one dog to another should come after the dog being pushed uses body language to set a boundary, continues to be pushed, and sets a hard boundary swiftly but does not escalate or pursue after the other dog has disengaged. If you get a puppy, being able to socialize with confident older dogs who recognize “puppy” but will define their limits with appropriate force is great. You will often see that a puppy who gets “told” they went to far will take the correction, sulk, then seek approval from the dog that corrected them, and a well balanced older dog will reward the toned down behavior by playing with them when their energy is right.
Training is not programming. It’s never a one-and-done, “I taught you to sit at 6mo and that’s good enough for the next 15yrs”. It is a perpetual process throughout their lives, both maintenance of the trained behavior and adjusting to performing it in every new circumstance. It’s not difficult to master “sit/stay” when you’re in the comfort of your home, but that doesn’t mean it’ll automatically work as well when they’re over-stimulated by people/dogs/smells in the pet store.
Finally- you’re the human, use your brain. We should always strive to give our dogs the best life and set training/socialization goals, but we can recognize when they’ve hit their limit. Dogs have their own individual personalities, quirks, and varying levels of drive/intelligence. With rescues you might not know what trauma or bad conditioning they’ve had, and some can leave scars where managing their environment rather than training it out of them is the solution. Not every dog enjoys the pack play of daycare or a dog park, or a house full of screaming 10yos for a birthday party. Don’t give up before you try and work through issues, but at some point if you can see that your dog has reached it’s limit, then you as the human make the call about what situations to put your dog in and which to avoid.












Western US here. I’m in an urban area where a lot of the farmland that turned into housing in the mid-1900s didn’t become modern subdivisions, so we still have sections of the city where people have enough land to keep their own horse, plus stables on the outskirts. Haven’t seen a horse in downtown in a while, but still see them on side roads, on the walking path along the river, and a lot in the hiking trails that run north of the city, which are basically an extension of the town at this point. When I was a kid in the 80s/90s there was a bar in the farm town about 6mi outside the city that had a hitching post out front and the cowboys still rode there to drink.